Final answer:
A democracy is a form of government in which the citizens choose their leaders through free and fair elections. One characteristic of a democracy is that people vote to elect officials. Another characteristic is the goal of protecting citizens' basic rights. A constitution typically outlines the foundational ideas of how a democracy should operate.
Step-by-step explanation:
A democracy is a form of government in which the citizens choose their leaders through free and fair elections. One characteristic of a democracy is that people vote to elect officials, so option (a) is a characteristic of a democracy. On the other hand, option (b) describes a monarchy, not a democracy.
Option (c) is also a characteristic of a democracy as one of the goals of this type of government is to protect citizens' basic rights. Additionally, option (d) is correct as a constitution typically outlines the foundational ideas of how a democracy should operate.