Final answer:
The author encourages the British to overcome attitudes of tyranny, taxation without representation, and imperialistic ambitions in their colonies, as evidenced by historical calls for change, resistance, and the pursuit of self-rule.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the provided references, the author encourages the British to overcome several attitudes and policies during various historical moments.
For instance, during the American Revolution, the British are shown to have declared a right to tax the colonies and bind them in all cases, which Thomas Paine in "The American Crisis" vehemently criticizes, equating it to tyranny and slavery.
He underscores the necessity of perseverance and fortitude to overcome these circumstances and argues against cowardice and submission to British rule.
As another example highlights, British-educated Indian reformers organized the Indian Congress Party in 1885 to protest unfair treatment by the British, signaling a need for the British to overcome their imperialistic mindset and grant self-rule.
The dream of bringing the entire uncivilized world under British rule is another point that is challenged, illustrating a desire to overcome imperial ambitions for a more equitable and respectful approach to governance.
The consistent theme throughout these historical excerpts is a call for paradigm shifts in British policy and attitudes towards colonization, taxation without representation, and the broader imperial ambitions that were prevalent at the time.