Final answer:
The two descriptions that correctly describe the acid/base imbalance are metabolic and respiratory. Acidosis and alkalosis can be caused by either metabolic or respiratory factors.
Step-by-step explanation:
Based on the ABG test results, the two descriptions that correctly describe the acid/base imbalance are:
- Metabolic
- Respiratory
In acidosis, the blood pH is below the normal range, indicating increased acidity. This imbalance can be due to either metabolic or respiratory causes. Metabolic acidosis occurs when there is an excess of acid or a deficiency of bicarbonate in the body, while respiratory acidosis is caused by an accumulation of CO2 due to inadequate ventilation.
In alkalosis, the blood pH is above the normal range, indicating increased alkalinity. This imbalance can also be due to metabolic or respiratory causes. Metabolic alkalosis occurs when there is an excess of bicarbonate or a deficiency of acid in the body, while respiratory alkalosis is caused by a decrease in CO2 due to excessive ventilation.