Final answer:
Andrew Carnegie supported charitable giving, asserting that the wealthy have a duty to be benefactors to society. He promoted this view through his essay 'The Gospel of Wealth' and by example, donating significant portions of his fortune to public works.
Step-by-step explanation:
When Andrew Carnegie stated, "The man who dies rich, dies disgraced," he was supporting charitable giving. Carnegie, known for his essay The Gospel of Wealth, argued that it was the job of the wealthy to utilize their riches for the benefit of society. His own acts of philanthropy, such as donating millions to public libraries and scientific research, illustrate his commitment to this belief. He sought to set an example for other affluent individuals, highlighting that those who have succeeded greatly in the capitalist system have a duty to be benefactors to the public.
Carnegie's philosophy countered the harsher aspects of Social Darwinism, which suggested that the 'fit' would naturally rise to the top without a need for concern towards the less fortunate. Although he borrowed from Herbert Spencer's theories, Carnegie emphasized a more compassionate approach, believing in the moral obligation of the wealthy to support cultural and social institutions such as hospitals, libraries, and colleges. His ideals reflect a part of the American identity that emphasizes not just personal success but also giving back to the community.