Final answer:
The lock and key model describes how enzymes interact with substrates. Enzymes have active sites that are complementary to the shape of specific substrates, allowing for a perfect fit. If an enzyme changes shape, it can impact its ability to interact with the substrate.
Step-by-step explanation:
The lock and key model is a concept in biology that describes how enzymes interact with substrates. It suggests that enzymes have a fixed shape with active sites that are complementary to the shape of specific substrates, similar to how a lock fits with a key. In this model, the enzyme and substrate fit together perfectly, allowing the enzyme to catalyze a specific reaction.
However, it is important to note that some enzymes follow the induced fit model. In this model, the enzyme is flexible and can change its shape to accommodate the substrate. This allows for a more dynamic interaction between the enzyme and substrate, ensuring a better fit and enhancing the efficiency of the reaction.
If an enzyme changes shape, it can impact its ability to interact with the substrate. In some cases, a change in shape can prevent the enzyme from binding to the substrate, rendering it inactive. In other cases, a change in shape may affect the enzyme's efficiency or specificity in catalyzing the reaction.