Final answer:
Cultural and social differences are depicted through characters' varied worldviews and customs, different societal norms like language and personal space, and contrasting rituals. Burials and political power dynamics offer insight into these differences, allowing the reader to appreciate the vast diversity within human societies.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cultural and social differences are illustrated at the beginning of a story by highlighting the distinct worldviews and customs of characters from different backgrounds. For example, a young woman from a rural Kenyan village will likely have differing experiences and perspectives compared to an elderly man from urban Mumbai, one of the most populated cities in the world. This contrast sets the stage for exploring the rich tapestry of human diversity.
Cultural differences between societies are often more pronounced than cultural universals, such as language. These differences can manifest in various aspects of daily life, from conversational etiquette to culinary traditions. The story may highlight contrasts in customs in cooking, clothing, and rituals such as birth, marriage, or coming of age. Burials, as noted in the texts, are often a clear indicator of such differences due to their archaeological traceability.
Social differences are also presented through the dynamics of political power and domination, particularly between conquerors and conquered peoples. These power relationships can shape the characters' interactions and the overall narrative, adding depth to the cultural and social landscape portrayed in the story.