Final answer:
Geothermal energy is used without processing because it directly utilizes heat from the Earth's subsurface, which is comparatively less complex than refining petroleum. As a clean and renewable source, geothermal systems are simple, need little to no complex processing, and have minimal environmental impact, especially for direct heating applications.
Step-by-step explanation:
Unlike petroleum, geothermal energy can be used without processing because it harnesses the Earth's internal heat directly. This renewable, nonpolluting source of energy is derived from the Earth's naturally occurring internal heat which provides a consistent supply of energy, particularly in regions near tectonic plate boundaries. Geothermal energy systems use the stable subsurface temperature to produce electricity or provide heating without the need for extensive processing.
Geothermal electricity is generated when wells are dug to tap into steam reservoirs which then drive generating turbines. This process is relatively straightforward compared to the extraction and refinement processes required for oil. The direct use of geothermal energy for heating is especially low impact, as it often requires no more than the circulation of hot water from geothermal reservoirs.
In regions like the Basin and Range province in the United States and in countries like Iceland, geothermal energy is a significant and essential part of the energy mix. It is also considered an environmentally friendly option because it emits far fewer pollutants and greenhouse gases than fossil fuel-based energy sources.