Final answer:
The three layers of the eye wall are the fibrous tunic (including the sclera and cornea), the vascular tunic (comprising the choroid, ciliary body, and iris), and the neural tunic or retina (which contains the photoreceptive cells). The sclera helps to maintain the eye's shape, and the fovea is the central part of the retina with the highest visual acuity.
Step-by-step explanation:
The eye wall is made up of three layers: the fibrous tunic, vascular tunic, and neural tunic. The outermost layer, the fibrous tunic, includes the sclera and cornea. The sclera is known as the "white of the eye" and maintains the shape of the eye. The cornea, which is transparent, covers the front of the eye and allows light to enter. The middle layer, the vascular tunic, comprises the choroid, ciliary body, and iris. The choroid provides blood supply to the eye, and the iris is the colored part of the eye that controls the size of the pupil––the opening that lets light in. Finally, the innermost layer, the neural tunic or retina, contains the nervous tissue responsible for photoreception, including the rods and cones. The center of the retina has a special area known as the fovea, an indentation where visual acuity is the highest.