Final answer:
The Articles of Confederation led to a weak national government that couldn't manage post-independence issues, as highlighted by Shays's Rebellion. This weakness prompted the creation of the Constitution, which established a stronger central government while maintaining safeguards against tyranny.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Need for a Stronger Central Government
After the United States gained independence, the Articles of Confederation set up a national government that proved too weak to deal with the nation's problems. Without the power to tax, pay down debts, raise an army, or manage economic downturns, the national government faced crises like Shays's Rebellion. This insurrection emphasized the government's impotence under the Articles and led to the demand for a more robust federal system capable of preserving order and liberty.
The founders had initially feared a strong central authority reminiscent of British rule, which led them to create a loose confederation of states. However, the inefficiency and ineffectiveness of this system were quickly realized. The movement to revise the Articles began, notably with Shays's Rebellion as a catalyst, showing the need for a government that was strong enough to function and maintain the union.
Ultimately, delegates, including James Madison, convened in Philadelphia to overhaul the government structure, leading to the drafting of a new Constitution. The Constitution created a stronger federal government while still aiming to protect against tyranny. Thus, the balance between a powerful central government and the rights of the states and the people was sought after to replace the inadequate Articles of Confederation.