Final answer:
Environmental Conservation Organizations and Local Fisheries are most likely to be in conflict over marine conservation efforts as these can restrict local fishing activities affecting livelihoods. Inclusive governance with all stakeholders, including local communities and experts, is essential for effective conservation management. The correct option is A.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two coastal stakeholders most likely to be in conflict are Environmental Conservation Organizations and Local Fisheries. This conflict arises because conservation efforts, such as the establishment of protected areas, can lead to restrictions on fishing activities, thereby directly impacting the livelihood of local fishers.
On the other hand, local fisheries might object to such restrictions, arguing that they threaten their economic well-being and potentially lead to a decrease in income.
It's important to note that conservation strategies might affect local resource users differently, and stakeholder participation in governance is crucial to balance the needs of conservation with the rights and livelihoods of local communities.
In a scenario such as the design of a marine preserve off the coast of the Northwest US, several parties must be engaged, including marine biologists, oceanographers, and policy makers, as well as local communities and stakeholders to ensure that a fair and effective management plan is put into place. The correct option is A.