Final answer:
Arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis are both conditions that affect the arteries, but they have some distinct differences. Arteriosclerosis is a more generalized term referring to the loss of compliance or 'hardening' of the arteries. Atherosclerosis, on the other hand, refers specifically to the build-up of plaque in the walls of the arteries.
Step-by-step explanation:
Arteriosclerosis is often referred to as the generalized 'hardening of the arteries,' characterized by a loss of compliance and decreased elasticity in the arterial walls. On the other hand, atherosclerosis is a more specific form of arteriosclerosis that involves the buildup of fatty plaques within the arterial walls. These plaques can lead to blockages, affecting blood flow and increasing the risk of cardiovascular events such as heart attacks and strokes. Factors like advanced age play a significant role in the development of both conditions. Other risk factors include hypertension, diabetes, obesity, poor nutrition, lack of physical activity, and tobacco use. Although atherosclerosis is specifically associated with the accumulation of plaques composed of cholesterol, fats, white blood cells, and sometimes calcium crystals, arteriosclerosis could be a result of various causes leading to the thickening and loss of elasticity of arterial walls. In summary, while both conditions affect the arteries and contribute to cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis is a subset of arteriosclerosis and is characterized by the presence of fatty plaques that specifically obstruct blood flow in the arteries.