Final answer:
Artificial selection, also known as selective breeding, is a purposeful process actd on by humans to choose which organisms to breed and pass on certain traits. It is not random, but directed, and allows for faster trait changes compared to natural selection. Artificial selection can result in more variation, but does not guarantee that desired traits will always be obtained.
Step-by-step explanation:
Artificial selection, also known as selective breeding, is a process in which humans intentionally choose which organisms to breed in order to pass on specific traits to the next generation. Unlike natural selection, which occurs in nature, artificial selection is a directed process acted on by humans. It is not a random process, but rather a purposeful one with the goal of producing offspring with desired traits. Artificial selection allows for changes in traits to occur in a shorter span of time compared to natural selection. It also enables the selection of specific traits desired by humans, resulting in more variation among the offspring, but it does not guarantee that the desired traits will be obtained in every case.