Question

"Which of the following assumptions guided Greek thinkers during the fourth century BC in Athens?

1- People could go to their political leaders for answers to philosophical questions.
2 - People could use logic and reason to understand the laws of the universe.
3 - People could rely on religious teachings to understand natural occurrences.
4 - People could consult history books for the answers to life's questions."

Answer 1

Greek thinkers in fourth century BC Athens assumed that 2) logic and reason could be used to understand the world, as evidenced by the teachings of Socrates and others who challenged traditional beliefs.

Step-by-step explanation:

The Greek thinkers of the fourth century BC in Athens were guided by the assumption that 2) people could use logic and reason to understand the laws of the universe.

This is evident in the teachings of Socrates who emphasized reasoning over simply accepting traditional ideas.

Likewise, other Greek philosophers and thinkers, like the Sophists, challenged conventional beliefs and traditional values, focusing on rational thought and debate.

The idea that people could consult history books or rely solely on religious teachings did not align with the prevailing intellectual approach of the time, which was to challenge and examine the world through critical thought.