Final answer:
Chad's farmers cannot effectively work in the northern areas due to harsh climate conditions, limited resources exacerbated by refugee influx, and a lack of governmental support. The dominance of large commercial farms leaves little room for smallholders, and agricultural innovation in harsh climates is critical.
Step-by-step explanation:
The farmers in northern areas of Chad face significant challenges that impede their ability to cultivate the land effectively. One of the principal issues is the region's harsh climate, which presents a formidable obstacle to agricultural productivity.
Furthermore, the presence of refugees from neighboring conflicts has put additional strain on the country's resources, including its land and agriculture. Chad's government, afflicted by corruption and mismanagement, struggles to provide adequate support and humanitarian aid, let alone develop the agricultural sector.
Large commercial farms dominate where the infrastructure and climate are more favorable, potentially exacerbating the disparity between the large and small-scale operations. The situation for small family farms has been particularly dire. Amid these conditions, innovating efficient farming techniques uniquely adapted to local conditions and enhancing crop species to withstand tough climates present viable strategies for improving the livelihood of farmers in these regions.