Final answer:
The bowling pin and the bowling ball have mass, which is why they exert gravitational force on each other. Gravitational force and mass are concepts explained by Newton's law of universal gravitation, which also describes planetary orbits. These physics principles also come into play with the kinetic energy of a moving bowling ball.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct statement about the bowling pin and the bowling ball, which both have gravitational force, is that they have mass. This is because gravitational force is a mutual force of attraction between any two objects with mass. The force of gravity acting on an object is proportional to its mass and is what gives the object weight. For example, Newton's law of universal gravitation explains the paths of planets moving around the sun, because it states that every point mass attracts every other point mass by a force acting along the line intersecting both points. This force is proportional to the product of the two masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers.
When considering the motion of a bowling ball (kinetic energy), it is important to understand that as the ball rolls down the bowling alley, it converts gravitational potential energy to kinetic energy. If a 10 kg bowling ball falls from a height of 5 meters, we can calculate its gravitational potential energy and then, just before it hits the ground, all of this potential energy has been converted to kinetic energy, determining its speed at the ground.