Final answer:
The independent city-states in ancient Greece are referred to as 'Polis.' They had various government forms, a common culture, language, religion, and celebrated Panhellenic festivals like the Olympic Games.
Step-by-step explanation:
The separate independent city-states that developed in ancient Greece are known as Polis. These poleis were distinctive because of their self-governance and diverse forms of government, which included tyranny, oligarchy, aristocracy, and democracy.
Each polis had its own system of government, religious cults, and institutions, such as the agora for public assemblies and the acropolis for protection. Despite their political independence, the Greek city-states shared a common language, religion, and culture, which were reinforced by the Panhellenic festivals, including the Olympic Games held in Olympia.