Final answer:
A matrix in biology refers to the extracellular matrix that supports cells within tissues, helps them withstand stresses, and enables communication between cells. Connective tissues, like bone and cartilage, have a large amount of matrix material that provides tissues with their distinct properties. The matrix in connective tissues contains both living cells and non-living ground substance that impacts the tissue’s density and function.
Step-by-step explanation:
A matrix in the context of biology refers to the extracellular matrix of animal cells. This matrix is crucial because it enables cells within tissues to withstand external stresses and transmits signals from outside to inside the cells. A significant part of the matrix is found in connective tissues, imparting diverse properties to different types of tissues. For instance, bone, or osseous tissue, a type of connective tissue, contains a considerable amount of matrix material, including both organic components like collagen and inorganic components such as mineral salts, predominantly calcium.
The extracellular matrix's primary elements are proteins, with collagen being the most abundant. Collagen fibers are intertwined with proteoglycans, forming a structure that holds cells together to form tissue. It is crucial not only for cohesiveness but also plays a role in cell communication, much like how people need to communicate in a group project.
Connective tissues have a matrix made up of living cells and a non-living ground substance, which contributes to the tissue's density and can include protein fibers produced by fibroblasts. This matrix determines the density of the tissue, and hence, its functions within the body. Bone, cartilage, and loose and dense connective tissues all have varying amounts of matrix that give each its unique characteristics.