Final Answer:
In the chemical reaction Zn(s) + HCl(g) → ZnCl₂(s) + H₂, all three elements A, B, and D are present.The correct option is A, B, and D.
Step-by-step explanation:
In this chemical reaction, zinc (A) reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCl) to form zinc chloride (ZnCl₂) and hydrogen gas (H₂). The chlorine atoms (B) from the hydrochloric acid combine with the zinc atoms (A) to form zinc chloride (ZnCl₂). The hydrogen atoms (C) from the hydrochloric acid are released as hydrogen gas (H₂). Therefore, all three elements, zinc (A), chlorine (B), and hydrogen (C), are present in this reaction.
The reaction between zinc and hydrochloric acid is an example of a single displacement reaction. In this type of reaction, an element displaces another element from its compound. In this case, the zinc atom displaces the hydrogen atom from the hydrochloric acid molecule, forming zinc chloride and releasing hydrogen gas.
This reaction is also known as the Galvanic cell or Daniell cell because it was first discovered by Luigi Galvani and John Frederick Daniell.
The reaction between zinc and hydrochloric acid is an exothermic process, which means it releases heat energy. This is because the formation of new chemical bonds in the products releases energy. The reaction is also catalyzed by heat, which increases its rate. The reaction can be represented by the following equation:
Zn(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → ZnCl₂(aq) + H₂(g)
In this equation, Zn represents zinc, HCl represents hydrochloric acid, aq represents aqueous solution, and s represents solid state. The balanced equation shows that one molecule of zinc reacts with two molecules of hydrochloric acid to form one molecule of zinc chloride and one molecule of hydrogen gas.
This equation also demonstrates that the overall charge of the reactants is equal to the overall charge of the products, which is a fundamental principle of chemical reactions known as conservation of mass-charge.
Therefore, The correct option is A, B, and D.