Final answer:
To find out how long it takes for Mercury to orbit the sun, set up an equation x + 599.01 = 686 and solve for x.
Step-by-step explanation:
To find out how long it takes for Mercury to orbit the sun, we can assume that it takes x days for Mercury to orbit the sun. Since Mars takes 599.01 days longer than Mercury, the time it takes for Mars to orbit the sun is x + 599.01 days. We are given that the total time for Mars to orbit the sun is 686 Earth days. Setting up an equation, we have x + 599.01 = 686. Solving for x, we subtract 599.01 from both sides to get x = 686 - 599.01 = 86.99.
Therefore, it takes approximately 86.99 Earth days for Mercury to orbit the sun.