Final answer:
The development of the Cabinet, political parties, and judicial review demonstrates the growth of the U.S. constitutional system, its adherance to Enlightenment principles, and the shaping role of judicial interpretation in U.S. governance.
Step-by-step explanation:
In United States history, the development of the Cabinet, political parties, and judicial review indicates the adaptation and maturation of the U.S. constitutional system beyond its original framework. The Constitution called for the creation of three branches of government with a system of checks and balances. Although only briefly outlined in the Constitution, the Cabinet emerged as an advisory body to the President comprising the heads of the executive departments. The development of political parties began with the Federalists and Democratic-Republicans, and political parties have been evolving ever since, now being integral to the American political process. The Supreme Court's authority in judicial review, as established in the landmark case Marbury v. Madison, has empowered the judicial branch to interpret the Constitution and assert a vital role in shaping public policy and preserving individual rights.