Question

List 6 joint movements coming from hip, knee and ankle joint. Each movement can be considered as one degree of freedom (DOF). Name one extensor and flexor muscle for each movement (or DOF). (hint: you can use the QpenSim model in OpenSim tutorial 1 to help identify these muscles)

Answer 1

Six joint movements across the hip, knee, and ankle include hip flexion and extension, knee flexion and extension, and ankle dorsiflexion and plantarflexion, each facilitated by specific extensor and flexor muscles such as the iliopsoas, gluteus maximus, hamstrings, quadriceps femoris, tibialis anterior, and gastrocnemius.

Step-by-step explanation:

The movements at the hip, knee, and ankle joints involve different degrees of freedom and are facilitated by specific flexor and extensor muscles. Here are six such movements and examples of corresponding muscles:

• Hip Flexion: Flexor - Iliopsoas, Extensor - Gluteus maximus
• Hip Extension: Flexor - Gluteus maximus, Extensor - Iliopsoas
• Knee Flexion: Flexor - Hamstrings, Extensor - Quadriceps femoris
• Knee Extension: Flexor - Quadriceps femoris, Extensor - Hamstrings
• Ankle Dorsiflexion: Flexor - Tibialis anterior, Extensor - Gastrocnemius
• Ankle Plantarflexion: Flexor - Gastrocnemius, Extensor - Tibialis anterior

These movements represent how synovial joints can facilitate complex and varied motion.