Final answer:
The movement of a glucose molecule through a cell membrane occurs via facilitated diffusion, utilizing carrier protein channels to pass through the hydrophobic core without the need for energy.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct transport method for the movement of a glucose molecule through a cell membrane is facilitated diffusion. Unlike simple diffusion, which allows substances to move freely across the cell membrane along their concentration gradient without assistance, facilitated diffusion specifically requires carrier proteins or channel proteins to help move substances like glucose.
In the case of glucose, it needs to pass the hydrophobic core of the membrane, and it does so through carrier protein channels which provide a pathway for the polar glucose molecules. This process does not require energy and allows glucose to move down its concentration gradient into the cytoplasm.
As for the provided information; ion pumps utilize active transport by moving ions against their concentration gradient using energy (ATP), and phagocytosis is a form of endocytosis, which is also an active process where the cell engulfs large particles or cells.