Final answer:
A neurologist is the specialist who treats conditions related to the brain, diagnosing and managing disorders like epilepsy and stroke, often using tools like EEG and CT scans.
Step-by-step explanation:
Neurologists are physicians who focus on diagnosing and treating conditions related to the brain and the nervous system. Disorders such as epilepsy, stroke, dementia, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis are within their expertise. After completing medical school, neurologists undergo three to four years of neurology residency to become specialists in their field.
To diagnose nervous system issues, neurologists may use various tools, including electroencephalography (EEG) to record brain activity and computerized tomography (CT) scans to detect bleeding in the brain or to identify possible brain tumors. For treatment, neurologists have the ability to prescribe medications and can also refer patients to a neurosurgeon if surgery is necessary.
In contrast to neurologists, nephrologists specialize in kidney diseases, perinatologists focus on the care of the fetus and complicated, at-risk pregnancies, and phlebotomists are trained to draw blood for clinical or medical testing. Therefore, the specialist who treats conditions related to the brain is a neurologist (a).