Final answer:
A mental disorder is an illness that affects the mind, hindering productivity and social functioning. It includes conditions like schizophrenia, anxiety, and mood disorders such as depression and bipolar disorder. Accurate diagnosis and treatment can improve the quality of life for those affected.
Step-by-step explanation:
An illness that affects the mind and prevents a person from being productive, adjusting to life situations, or getting along with others is described as a mental disorder. Mental disorders can significantly affect a person's quality of life, making routine tasks challenging. Various types of mental disorders such as schizophrenia, major depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, and more, have been detailed in publications like the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). The DSM contains symptoms and classifications for these conditions, which are updated as research evolves.
Mental illnesses are nervous system disorders leading to problems in thinking, mood, or social interactions and include conditions that can cause long-term impairment or disability. The most common mental disorders in the U.S. are anxiety disorders, and they should not be confused with normal anxiety, which is a reaction to stress. Mood disorders, including depression and bipolar disorder, are also highly prevalent and can lead to illness-related hospitalizations. Understanding and diagnosing mental disorders is critical for identifying appropriate treatments and supports for individuals.