Final answer:
The sampling frame is a list or actual representation from which a sample will be drawn. Types of sampling include simple random, stratified, systematic, cluster, and convenience. When using a random number generator, the procedure is to generate a list, assign numbers, and select samples based on randomly generated numbers.
Step-by-step explanation:
In regard to the animal sampling assignment, the sampling frame is the list or actual representation of items from which a sample will be drawn; this could be a list of all individuals in a population or a geographical area where the animals are located.
Determine the Type of Sampling Used
To determine the type of sampling, you must look at the methodology:
- Simple random sampling involves selecting individuals in such a way that every individual has an equal opportunity to be selected.
- Stratified sampling means dividing the population into strata, or groups, and sampling from each group.
- Systematic sampling involves selecting individuals at regular intervals from a list.
- Cluster sampling includes all individuals within randomly selected groups or clusters.
- Convenience sampling involves selecting individuals that are most accessible.
For example, the soccer coach's selection of players is an example of stratified sampling.
When selecting a sample of restaurants using a random number generator, the process involves generating a list of all restaurants, assigning them numbers, and then using the generator to pick random numbers corresponding to the restaurants to create the unbiased sample.
The Use of Convenience Sampling
Convenience sampling is less rigorous and may lead to biased data. However, it's often used when true random sampling is not feasible. Researchers must be wary of the implications this has on the validity and applicability of their findings.