Final answer:
To find out how many kilograms of chlorine are in 24 kg of a given CFC, first calculate the molar mass of the CFC and then the mass percentage of chlorine. Finally, multiply that percentage by 24 kg to get the mass of chlorine.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine how many kilograms of chlorine are in 24 kg of the given chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), we need to calculate the mass percentage of chlorine in each CFC and then apply that percentage to the 24 kg amount.
- First, calculate the molar mass of each CFC.
- Next, determine the mass of chlorine within one mole of each CFC by adding up the masses of the chlorine atoms (given that Cl has an atomic mass of approximately 35.5 g/mol).
- Find the mass percentage of chlorine by dividing the mass of Cl in one mole of the CFC by the molar mass of the CFC and then multiplying by 100%.
- Multiply the mass percentage of chlorine by the total mass of the CFC (24 kg) to find how many kilograms of chlorine are in the CFC.
For example, for CF₂CL₂ (also known as chlorofluorocarbon-12 or CFC-12):
- Molar mass of CF₂CL₂ = (12.01 × 1) + (18.998 × 2) + (35.45 × 2) = 120.91 g/mol
- Mass of Cl in one mole of CF₂CL₂ = 35.45 × 2 = 70.9 g
- Mass percentage of Cl in CF₂CL₂ = (70.9 g / 120.91 g/mol) × 100% ≈ 58.64%
- Kilograms of Cl in 24 kg of CF₂CL₂ = 24 kg × 58.64% = 14.07 kg
If we repeat this procedure for the rest, we get the kilograms of chlorine for each compound.