Final answer:
The economic sphere was most affected by the transformation, with industrialization causing various social and political changes, reflected in population shifts, urbanization, and changes in daily life.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that best explains the sphere that was affected by the transformation is: B. The economic sphere was transformed due to increased industrialization. The shift towards industrial corporate entities not only helped shape our global economy but also caused profound changes across various social institutions. This industrialization led to the centralization of political power, as seen during the absolutist era in Western Europe, interlinking power and wealth. Moreover, industrialization and urbanization caused significant shifts in social structures, prompting policies aimed at protecting workers and citizens, and fostering modernization in societies.
Urbanization, a direct consequence of industrialization, dramatically altered daily life, with city populations growing exponentially. This urban growth resulted in diverse social changes, such as the transformation of entertainment and leisure-time activities, which depended significantly on one's social and economic status. In addition, the changes brought about by industrialization were reflected in the era's literature and thought, which evaluated the societal impacts of these shifts.