Final answer:
Monatomic ions such as chloride (Cl-) and bromide (Br-) are formed when chlorine and bromine gain an electron, acquiring a -1 charge and resulting in stable anions commonly found in seawater.
Step-by-step explanation:
Among elements like chlorine (Cl) and bromine (Br), monatomic ions are commonly formed when these elements gain an electron during the formation of ionic compounds. A monatomic ion consists of a single atom that has gained or lost an electron, resulting in a charge. Chlorine (Cl) typically forms the chloride ion (Cl-), and bromine (Br) forms the bromide ion (Br-).
The electron configuration for these ions reflects that each has gained one electron compared to their respective neutral atoms. This acquisition of an electron leads to a full valence shell, giving the ions a negative charge because they now have more electrons than protons. These negatively charged ions are termed anions and are common in various environments, including seawater.
Examples of Monatomic Ions in Seawater
- Chloride ion (Cl-)
- Bromide ion (Br-)
Overall, chlorine and bromine, when in ion form, possess one extra electron giving them a -1 charge and making them stable monatomic ions.