Final answer:
IV medications can be administered through a peripheral IV line or a port. These methods are used to administer medications directly into the bloodstream, especially when rapid onset is required or the drug is poorly absorbed orally. Proper procedures must be followed during insertion to prevent infections.
Step-by-step explanation:
IV medications may be administered through a few different methods. One common method is through a peripheral IV line, which is a tube placed into a vein usually in the arm or hand. This allows healthcare providers to deliver medications directly into the bloodstream, providing a rapid onset of action. Another method is through a port, which is a small medical appliance that is installed beneath the skin. A port can be used to administer chemotherapy drugs or other medications, as well as to withdraw blood.
Intravenous administration of medication is essential when a drug is not absorbed well in the gastrointestinal tract or when fast action is required, such as in treating an infection. IV administration often results in higher plasma levels of the drug than oral or intramuscular administration. In the context of patients who are dehydrated, fluids are also administered intravenously to quickly restore the necessary balance of electrolytes and water in the body.
Healthcare settings adopt measures to prevent infections related to IV lines, as failure to follow proper insertion procedures can increase the risk of serious infections, which can lead to prolonged illness or even death.