Final answer:
Option D.
Sedimentary rock is formed through cementation, where minerals bond clasts together after weathering, erosion, transportation, and compaction processes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Sedimentary rock is formed through a process called cementation, where minerals act as a binder to bond pieces of clast together.
In the formation of clastic sedimentary rocks, this process occurs after pre-existing rock undergoes weathering and erosion, with particles then transported and deposited in new locations.
Once settled, the sediments undergo compaction, which reduces the space between particles.
Following this, during cementation, water is squeezed out, and minerals precipitate in the pore spaces, acting as a natural glue that holds the sediment together.
The common minerals in this process include calcite, quartz, and pyrite. These solidify the once loose sediments into solid rock.
Please mention the correct option in the final answer: The final answer to the student's question is: d. Minerals.