Final answer:
An increase in torque on gear A, which turns clockwise, results in a transfer of torque to gear B, which turns counterclockwise. The change in gear B's angular velocity depends on the gear system's design and ratio. Commonly, increased torque on gear A increases the torque on gear B, but the angular velocity may not change if they're designed to maintain a constant speed.
Step-by-step explanation:
When gear A, which turns clockwise, meshes with gear B, which turns counterclockwise, and more force is applied to gear A, torque is created which affects the angular velocity of gear B. Gear A and gear B are connected, and when there is an increase in torque applied to gear A, the immediate effect is the transfer of torque to gear B. However, the change in angular velocity of gear B will also depend on several factors including the inertial properties of gears, the type of gears, and the force transmission system. If the gears are designed such that an increase in torque on gear A directly increases the speed of gear B, then option a, it increases in magnitude, would be correct. Conversely, if gear B is larger than gear A, the rotational speed of gear B may decrease to conserve angular momentum, in which case option b, it decreases in magnitude, could apply. The precise outcome requires a knowledge of the gear ratio and the system design. In many cases, an increase in torque on gear A leads to an increase in torque on gear B but not necessarily a change in its angular velocity, especially if the gears are meant to maintain a constant speed relationship.