Final answer:
Replication in experimental design, like a driving simulator study, increases the statistical power and reliability of the results by ensuring a sufficient sample size that enhances the ability to detect true differences and reduces errors.
Step-by-step explanation:
The benefit of replication in the design of a driving simulator experiment is to ensure a robust comparison between control and experimental groups, which in turn helps identify true effects of the variable being tested, rather than results influenced by chance or other variables. Replication, in this context, refers to repeating the experiment with a sufficient number of subjects in each group to obtain reliable data and avoid the risk of inflated error estimates and spurious conclusions.
Answer (c) 'The large number of subjects for each group will allow for good comparison of the differences in response times' accurately describes the benefit of replication in an experiment because it enhances the statistical power to detect differences in response times that are indeed caused by the manipulations of the independent variable, rather than being the result of random chance or biased sampling.
It's also important to note that replication must involve true independence among sampling units to avoid the issue of pseudo-replication which would otherwise bias estimates of variance and reduce the power of the study.