Final answer:
In eukaryotic cells, transcription takes place in the nucleus, where DNA is used as a template to create mRNA which is then transported to the cytoplasm for translation at the ribosomes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Transcription, a key step within the process of protein synthesis, occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. During transcription, DNA serves as a template for the production of mRNA. This mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and is then transported out to the cytoplasm, where ribosomes carry out the translation process. It is important to note that this process is compartmentalized in eukaryotes, with transcription and translation occurring in separate cellular locations. In contrast, in prokaryotic cells, where there is no nucleus, both transcription and translation happen in the cytoplasm.