Final answer:
Unnormalized data might contain redundant data, making statement c not true.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is c. Unnormalized data might contain redundant data. Unnormalized data refers to data that has not been organized or structured in a specific way. It is raw data that has not undergone any normalization process, which helps eliminate redundancy and improve data integrity. Therefore, unnormalized data can contain redundant information, making statement c true.
For example, let's say we have a database table for customer orders. The unnormalized data might have duplicate records for the same customer if they have placed multiple orders. Normalizing the data would involve organizing it into separate tables, such as a table for customers and a table for orders, and establishing relationships between them. This normalization process would help eliminate redundant data.
So, while statement a is true since unnormalized data is indeed raw data, statement b is false as unnormalized data is not necessarily related data. Statement d is also false since unnormalized data is not specifically multivalued data but can contain multivalued attributes depending on the context.