Final answer:
The Palestinians and Israelis were fighting primarily over the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, both considered potential locations for an independent Palestinian state. These territories, along with the Golan Heights and the Sinai Peninsula, were captured by Israel in the 1967 Six-Day War, though Sinai was later returned to Egypt.
Step-by-step explanation:
The land that the Palestinians and Israelis were fighting over is primarily the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. After the 1967 Six-Day War, Israel gained control of several territories including the Gaza Strip from Egypt, the West Bank from Jordan, and the Golan Heights from Syria. The conflict over these lands dates back to the early opposition of Arab countries to Jewish national sovereignty and the idea of creating an independent Palestinian state alongside Israel. The West Bank and Gaza Strip are still considered by many as the acceptable locations for a future Palestinian state.
Despite various peace efforts and proposals, there has been no final agreement on the status of these territories. The Sinai Peninsula is another territory that was captured by Israel during the Six-Day War but was later returned to Egypt. The Golan Heights, which was taken from Syria, remains under Israeli control.