Final answer:
The amplitude of a sound wave refers to its loudness, with greater amplitude resulting in a louder sound measured in decibels (dB). The human ear's sensitivity also plays a role in the perception of loudness.
Step-by-step explanation:
The amplitude of a sound wave refers to its loudness or volume. A sound with greater amplitude will have a higher decibel level and be perceived as louder. The amplitude is the dimension of a wave from its peak to its trough, and for sound, the volume is typically measured in decibels (dB). When speaking of sound properties, an increase in amplitude during speaking results in a louder voice, while the frequency determines the pitch of the sound. Variations in the pressure of sound waves due to amplitude changes correspond to the intensity level or decibel rating.
Furthermore, the human ear's sensitivity to various frequencies also affects how loud a sound is perceived. Amplitude and the frequency regions where the ear is more or less sensitive can both influence the perceived loudness of a sound.