Final answer:
Controlling in management begins with defining objectives and standards, which are fundamental for measuring performance and ensuring organizational goals are met effectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process of controlling in management involves a sequence of tasks that ensure the organization's goals are being met effectively and efficiently. One of the initial tasks in this process is to define objectives and standards. This crucial step serves as a foundation for all subsequent controlling activities. To define objectives, a manager must establish clear, measurable, achievable, and relevant goals for the organization or for specific projects. Once the goals are articulated, the manager needs to set standards, which are the benchmarks used to measure the actual performance against the desired outcomes. Defining these objectives and standards allows for a systematic approach to monitoring progress and making necessary adjustments.
It is important that these objectives align with the organization's mission and vision, as well as the manager's understanding of their specific role, responsibilities, and the wider organizational objectives. Using this information, a manager can create a timeline of events and understand the cause-and-effect relationships involved in the management process. Utilizing organizational tools like outlines or charts for planning can significantly improve the organization and clarity of managing tasks. As time progresses, managers may need to periodically review and adjust objectives and standards to stay aligned with changing circumstances.