Final answer:
d) the issue of political factionalism and its potential dangers.
Washington referred to the issue of political factionalism in his Farewell Address, highlighting the dangers of partisanship and the importance of national unity.
Step-by-step explanation:
The situation George Washington referred to in his Farewell Address was d) the issue of political factionalism and its potential dangers. In his address, Washington emphasized the importance of maintaining national unity, the risks associated with divisive partisanship, and the need for the newly formed United States to avoid permanent entanglements in foreign alliances. This caution against political factions laid an important foundation for the principles of American governance and the need to avoid the divisiveness that could lead to a fractured nation.