Final answer:
A medieval manor included the lord's manor or castle, a church, peasant homes, agricultural land, and common areas. It was the central unit of agricultural production and feudal economies in medieval Europe.
Step-by-step explanation:
The major parts of a medieval manor typically included the manorial house or castle where the lord resided, a church, peasant homes, and agricultural land. The manor was largely self-sufficient with fields for growing crops, pastures for livestock, and possibly a mill and a bakery. The peasants, who made up the majority of the population, lived in simple homes within the manor and farmed the land, while providing services and goods to the lord in exchange for protection and the right to live on his land.
- The Lord's Manor or Castle: The administrative and residential center for the lord and his family.
- The Church: A place of worship and social gathering, often the focal point of the village.
- Peasant Homes: Simple constructions where the serfs and peasants that worked the land lived.
- Agricultural Land: Divided into fields for crops like wheat and vegetables and pastures for livestock.
- Common Areas: Included woodlands, waste grounds, and water sources for the manor's use.
Additional structures such as a mill or bakery might also be present, contributing to the manor's self-sufficiency. A village green or meeting place was often in the center for markets and public gatherings. This system was the backbone of feudal economies and the central unit of agricultural production during the medieval period in Europe.