Final answer:
The mystery number is found by creating and solving the equation 'x + 16 = 2x'. Simplifying this gives us 'x = 16', so the mystery number is 16.
Step-by-step explanation:
To solve the problem about the mystery number, let's denote the mystery number as 'x'. According to the description, sixteen more than 1 of the mystery number is equal to two times the mystery number. We can create an equation based on this: '1x + 16 = 2x'. To find the value of 'x', we need to solve for it. We subtract 'x' from both sides to get '16 = x', which tells us that the mystery number is 16. Therefore, the correct answer is D) 16.