Final answer:
To calculate the mass of lithium chloride produced, we should multiply the number of moles of chlorine gas by the molar mass of lithium chloride. However, the correct option is not given, implying a misunderstanding of the question or a need for clarification.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine how many grams of lithium chloride are produced from the reaction of 0.85 moles of chlorine gas with excess potassium, we need to first write the balanced chemical reaction:
2 K + Cl2 → 2 KCl
From the balanced equation, we see that one mole of chlorine gas (Cl2) reacts with two moles of potassium (K) to form two moles of potassium chloride (KCl). Since chlorine gas is diatomic, 0.85 moles of Cl2 will produce 0.85 moles of KCl.
The molar mass of KCl is 74.55 grams/mole. To find the mass of lithium chloride produced, we can multiply the number of moles by the molar mass:
0.85 moles KCl × 74.55 g/mol KCl = 63.3675 grams KCl
The answer closest to our calculation in the provided options is not listed, but we are looking for lithium chloride, not potassium chloride. Lithium chloride (LiCl) would form if lithium (Li) were used instead of potassium (K), in which case we would use the molar mass of LiCl instead.
The molar mass of LiCl is 42.39 grams/mole. Multiplying the number of moles of chlorine gas by the molar mass of LiCl, we get:
0.85 moles Cl2 × 42.39 g/mol LiCl = 36.0315 grams LiCl
However, this result is not one of the options given and might imply a miscalculation or misunderstanding of the question. Therefore, without the correct option listed, we should clarify the question with the student.