Final answer:
The correct order of biological processes from DNA to traits is DNA base triplets -> amino acid sequence -> protein -> trait.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct order of biological processes related to traits is DNA -> gene -> protein -> trait. This process is part of the central dogma of molecular biology, which explains how genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to produce proteins that determine traits. DNA contains genes that serve as the blueprint for making proteins. Each protein has a unique amino acid sequence, which dictates its structure and function. These amino acids are encoded by triplets of DNA bases, with each triplet corresponding to an amino acid. The cellular process that reads DNA and synthesizes messenger RNA (mRNA) is known as transcription. The subsequent process that translates mRNA into a protein is known as translation. Once the proteins are produced, they contribute to the organism's traits by influencing their physical and biochemical characteristics.
Therefore, the correct order starting with the smallest unit and building up to a trait is DNA base triplets -> amino acid sequence -> protein -> trait. This explains the flow from the genetic code to the physical expression of a trait.