Final answer:
The spoils system, which allocates political appointments based on party loyalty, is largely viewed as leading to corruption and unqualified appointees, and has historically resulted in significant governmental scandals.
Step-by-step explanation:
The spoils system can be understood as a practice where political appointments are allocated based on party loyalty, rather than on merit or qualifications. One could argue that it promotes efficiency and loyalty by aligning the interests of bureaucrats with those of the elected government; however, there is a stronger consensus that the spoils system leads to corruption and unqualified appointees, compromising the talent and integrity of the public service. Historical examples, such as the scandals during President Ulysses S. Grant's administration, highlight the pitfalls of the system. Additionally, it can perpetuate a political patronage network that supersedes individual merit and discourages bureaucratic independence, leading to inefficiency and potential mismanagement within government agencies. Today, the merit system is preferred as it helps ensure the most qualified applicants are given positions in the civil service, though it is important to acknowledge that it can also make the bureaucracy less responsive to the will of elected leaders.