Final answer:
During his presidency, John Adams faced foreign conflicts and domestic opposition.
Step-by-step explanation:
During his presidency, John Adams faced two major problems: foreign conflicts and domestic opposition. Adams struggled to manage the growing crisis with France and handle the domestic divisions stemming from his foreign policy. He initially sought to negotiate a treaty with France to protect American shipping, but the attempt led to the XYZ Affair and the Quasi-War. Additionally, Adams faced opposition from both his own party and the opposition party due to his decisions on settling with France and passing the Alien and Sedition Acts.