Final answer:
The kidneys are anchored to the posterior abdominal wall, and parts of the large intestine, like the transverse and sigmoid colon, are attached to it. Other structures like the duodenum, pancreas, and sections of the large intestine are retroperitoneal.
Step-by-step explanation:
When considering what is attached to the POSTERIOR abdominal wall, it is important to examine the anatomy of the abdominal cavity and its surrounding structures. The kidneys, for instance, are located in the posterior part of the abdomen on each side of the spine and are anchored to the posterior abdominal wall in a retroperitoneal position. Additionally, certain digestive structures such as the duodenum, pancreas, and portions of the large intestine (ascending and descending colon, and the rectum) are described as being retroperitoneal, meaning they are located behind the peritoneum and attached to the posterior abdominal wall. This specifically includes the transverse and sigmoid colon which are attached to the posterior abdominal wall.