Main Answer:
Enforcing rules and laws, as proposed by Hobbes, Locke, Montesquieu, and Rousseau, compels individuals to be free by establishing societal order, protecting natural rights, and ensuring collective well-being through governance. c) By enforcing a set of rules and laws.
Therefore, the correct answer is c) By enforcing a set of rules and laws.
Explanation:
Enforcing a set of rules and laws, as suggested by Hobbes, Locke, Montesquieu, and Rousseau, is seen as a means to force someone to be free. This concept aligns with the idea that a structured governance system, comprising rules and laws, is essential for maintaining order and protecting individual freedoms.
Hobbes, in his social contract theory, argued for a powerful sovereign authority to prevent the chaos that could arise in a state of nature. This necessitates enforcing rules to ensure societal stability. Locke, emphasizing the protection of natural rights, believed in a government bound by laws that safeguard citizens' freedoms. Montesquieu, advocating for the separation of powers, saw the enforcement of laws as a way to prevent tyranny and maintain a balance of authority.
Rousseau, with his focus on the general will, suggested that individuals could be forced to be free by participating in the creation of laws that reflect the collective interests. Enforcing these laws, according to Rousseau, would lead to a harmonious society where individuals are compelled to act in alignment with the common good.
In summary, the common thread in the philosophies of Hobbes, Locke, Montesquieu, and Rousseau is the belief that enforcing a set of rules and laws is crucial for establishing a just and orderly society, ultimately compelling individuals to be free within the bounds of a well-regulated social contract.
Therefore, the correct answer is c) By enforcing a set of rules and laws.