Final answer:
Edge enhancement is the process that amplifies high frequencies to increase the contrast of large structures, enhancing the edges and details in medical imaging.
Step-by-step explanation:
The form of filtering that amplifies high frequencies to increase contrast of large structures is known as edge enhancement. Unlike smoothing, which reduces noise and detail, edge enhancement aims to make the edges of structures within an image more prominent, therefore increasing the image contrast. This is particularly useful in medical imaging, where it can help to better visualize the boundaries of organs or tissues. However, it does not affect the window level or the window width, which are settings used in radiology to adjust the lightness and darkness of the image, as well as the range of grey shades that are displayed. Edge enhancement is achieved through various digital signal processing techniques that accentuate the difference between different areas of the image, making the transitions between areas of different density or intensity very distinct.