Question

When patient dose cannot be estimated using patient radiation monitors, what other resources are available for ESE estimations?

1) Nomograms
2) Output intensity of the x-ray equipment in use
3) kVp used during the examination
4) mAs used during the examination

Answer 1

Resources for estimating patient dose when patient radiation monitors cannot be used include nomograms, the output intensity of the x-ray equipment, kVp, and mAs.

Step-by-step explanation:

When patient dose cannot be estimated using patient radiation monitors, there are other resources available for ESE (entrance surface dose) estimations. These include:

1. Nomograms: Nomograms are graphical tools that can be used to estimate entrance surface dose based on factors such as kilovoltage (kVp) and milliampere-seconds (mAs).
2. Output intensity of the x-ray equipment in use: The output intensity of the x-ray equipment can be used to estimate the entrance surface dose. This can be determined by measuring the air kerma at a specific distance from the source.
3. kVp used during the examination: The kilovoltage peak (kVp) used during the examination is another factor that can be used to estimate the entrance surface dose.
4. mAs used during the examination: The milliampere-seconds (mAs) used during the examination is a factor that can be used to estimate the entrance surface dose.