Final answer:
The EO Policy is based on the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964, which was part of the War on Poverty and established the Office of Economic Opportunity to oversee programs aimed at job training, community services, and educational initiatives for the disadvantaged.
Step-by-step explanation:
What is the EO Policy Based On?
The EO policy, in terms of the Economic Opportunity Act (EOA) of 1964, is based on congressional legislation aimed at combating poverty through various programs. These programs include job training, community service opportunities, and educational initiatives. The Act was a cornerstone of President Lyndon B. Johnson's War on Poverty and established the Office of Economic Opportunity (OEO) to oversee various anti-poverty programs, like the Job Corps, the Neighborhood Youth Corps, and Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA). Additionally, the OEO was responsible for the Community Action Program, which promoted local self-improvement efforts. Policies can be instituted not only through acts like the EOA but also through executive orders from the president and court decisions, which together form the formal expression of government objectives.
During Richard Nixon's presidency, there were efforts to dismantle the OEO, reflecting tensions regarding liberal policies, but these were thwarted by the judiciary which upheld the constitutionality of Congress's intent to fund anti-poverty measures. Moreover, the presidency itself operates within structures such as the Executive Office of the President (EOP) and the White House Office (WHO), which help shape the implementation and scope of such policies.