Question

Which of the following assessment findings should alert the paramedic that a patient with a closed lower extremity fracture is developing compartment syndrome?

1) Severe pain that is not relieved by medication
2) Pallor and coolness of the affected extremity
3) Decreased sensation distal to the fracture site
4) Pulsatile mass or visible swelling in the affected extremity

Answer 1

The assessment findings that should alert the paramedic that a patient with a closed lower extremity fracture is developing compartment syndrome include severe pain that is not relieved by medication, pallor, and coolness of the affected extremity, and decreased sensation distal to the fracture site.

Step-by-step explanation:

1. Severe pain that is not relieved by medication: This is an important assessment finding for compartment syndrome. Compartment syndrome is characterized by increasing, unrelenting pain that is out of proportion to the injury.
2. Pallor and coolness of the affected extremity: Pallor and coolness may indicate impaired circulation to the affected limb, which can be a sign of compartment syndrome.
3. Decreased sensation distal to the fracture site: Nerve involvement and decreased sensation in the area can be a sign of developing compartment syndrome.